{"id":103383,"date":"2022-11-05T04:43:06","date_gmt":"2022-11-05T04:43:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/?p=103383"},"modified":"2023-06-20T14:56:24","modified_gmt":"2023-06-20T14:56:24","slug":"calcified-arteries-what-is-the-significance-by-dr-harold-gunatillake","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/calcified-arteries-what-is-the-significance-by-dr-harold-gunatillake\/","title":{"rendered":"Calcified arteries- what is the significance? &#8211; By Dr Harold Gunatillake"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>Calcified arteries- what is the significance? &#8211; <span style=\"color: #800080;\">By Dr Harold Gunatillake<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-77916\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Harold-Gunethilake.jpg\" alt=\"Harold-Gunethilake\" width=\"160\" height=\"160\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/x33R_aZeB50\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Calcium deposition in arteries shows how much fatty build-up or plaque formation. Plaques, especially in your coronary arteries, are the leading cause of heart attacks, and when a piece of these plaques breaks off, a blood clot can form around it, blocking the flow of blood, and the heart muscles will be deprived of oxygen. Coronary artery calcification is a buildup of calcium that can predict your cardiovascular risk, as all plaques get calcified with time.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Cardiologist depends on ECG tracings during exercise on a treadmill machine to check on the degree of blockage of coronary vessels, shown by the ST segment changes. The presence of calcified plaques is visible on CT scans, and the number of such spots can be counted and given as a coronary calcium score.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">This is referred to as the calcium score, which measures the amount of calcium in your coronary arteries. It doesn&#8217;t tell us how much the artery is blocked or detect where blockages might occur. Your calcium heart score also doesn&#8217;t indicate your absolute heart attack risk. How do plaques start?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">It starts with inflammation in the inner lining, forming fatty streaks. White blood cells, red blood cells and macrophages get collected at the site. Cholesterol also gets collected like pebbles on the banks of a river. Calcifying these lipid-rich plaques then solidifies these heaped-up areas to form solid plaques.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Then there are the non-calcified plaques that can rupture and release a blood clot to form a thrombus. This blocks the arteries and leads to cardiac muscle damage called infarction. Calcification occurs within the arteries, also called medial calcification. This causes arterial stiffness, which increases the risk of adverse cardiovascular events, including high blood pressure.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">The right and left coronary arteries are the first branches of the aorta, the main artery in your body. These two main arteries are the units that supply all parts of the heart muscle with blood.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">These main arteries and their branches can get clogged up with calcified plaques. Calcification in the arteries occurs on the inner lining, which is common in coronary arteries, and such calcification occurs in the smooth muscle layer in the more significant arteries. The amount of calcification in the coronary arteries indicates how bad your atherosclerosis may be. Atherosclerosis results from plaque collecting in your arteries, making them narrow.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">This makes it difficult for blood to get through your arteries.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">If you have coronary artery disease, invariably, the vessels are calcified. In people older than 70, more than 90% of men and 67% of women have coronary artery calcification. Before menopause, estrogen protects women from developing atherosclerosis.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Women tend to develop atherosclerosis 10 to 15 years later than men. People who are white are more likely than other races to have coronary artery calcification. You\u2019re more likely to get coronary artery calcification if you have the following:<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Chronic kidney disease.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Glucose issues such as diabetes mellitus.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Too much bad cholesterol (low-density lipoprotein or LDL) and too little good cholesterol<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">(high-density lipoprotein or HDL).<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">High BMI (body mass index).<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Family history of coronary artery calcification.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">High blood pressure.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">A history of cigarette smoking or using other tobacco products.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Older age.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Parathyroid hormone irregularities.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">High phosphate levels.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">High calcium level.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">When the calcification of the coronary arteries is extensive, interventional cardiologists find it challenging to expand the vessels during the percutaneous coronary intervention, PCI, or angioplasty. It makes it harder to develop a stent to keep your artery open.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Calcium deposits start small (.5\u03bcm or micron\/micrometre) and grow larger than 3mm, with plaque continuing to accumulate simultaneously. Now how can we diagnose that you have coronary artery calcification? A type of imaging called computed tomography or multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) can find coronary atherosclerosis before it becomes advanced.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">A cardiac CT (computed tomography) scan can show calcified plaque deposits in your coronary arteries. This is called the coronary artery calcium (CAC) test, which looks at the following:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">How many plaques do you have?<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">How dense the plaques are.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">How large they are.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Your healthcare provider will multiply your calcification area by density to get an Agatston score. You get a score of 0 to 400 or more, with higher scores indicating a more significant risk of a heart attack or stroke in 10 years.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Coronary artery calcification scores <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">A score of 0 shows no disease.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">From 1 to 99 indicates mild disease.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">From 100 to 399 shows moderate disease.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">More than 400 show severe disease.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">So, how can you reduce the incidence of coronary artery calcification and plaque formation? If you have coronary artery calcification, you\u2019re at a high risk of developing coronary artery disease and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Such changes occur in<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Diabetes mellitus.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Abnormal cholesterol levels.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">High blood pressure.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Kidney disease.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Control your diabetes with medication, a low glycemic diet and daily exercise. Avoid overeating with foods containing saturated fat and trans fat. Check your blood pressure frequently and keep the upper pressure at 125mm hg. Kidney disease is most common in uncontrolled diabetes. Controlling your diabetes will slow down the disease. Walking daily over 30,000 steps intermittently is the solution for all diseases- my personal<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">experience. Calcium score studies emphasise the importance of patients knowing their risk for heart<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">disease. It predicts whether you are at low risk, high risk or in between for a heart attack.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Whenever there is calcium in the heart arteries, there is cholesterol plaque buildup \u2014 the calcium is at the crime scene, but it is not the culprit. But, since we can see calcium on simple CT scans of the heart, we can use this trick to learn more about the number of cholesterol deposits.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">We can use cardiac calcium scoring to detect cholesterol deposits before they become a problem and help patients avoid heart attacks.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">So, viewers, do not neglect your good habits and take every precaution to stay healthy when you are 60 and over. I am 93, <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">I have done it all, and a success story. Stay safe, and goodbye for now<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Disclaimer:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">The information contained in this article is for general information purposes only, and whilst the author will endeavour to keep the information up to date and correct, eLanka makes no representations or warranties of any kind, express or implied, about the completeness, accuracy, reliability, suitability or availability with respect to the eLanka website or the information, products, services, or related graphics contained in this article for any purpose. Any reliance you place on such information is therefore strictly at your own risk. In otherwords, eLanka In no event will we be liable for any loss or damage including without limitation, indirect or consequential loss or damage, or any loss or damage whatsoever arising from loss of data or profits arising out of, or in connection with, the use of this website \/ article. Also please note that through this website \/ web page articles you are able to link to other websites which are not under the control of eLanka and therefore we have no control over the nature, content and availability of those sites. The inclusion of any links does not necessarily imply a recommendation or endorse the views expressed within them.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Calcified arteries- what is the significance? &#8211; By Dr Harold Gunatillake Calcium deposition in arteries shows how much fatty build-up or plaque formation. Plaques, especially in your coronary arteries, are the leading cause of heart attacks, and when a piece of these plaques breaks off, a blood clot can form around it, blocking the flow [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":116487,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,1103],"tags":[39114,49168,42387,1176,49167,39771,39607],"class_list":{"0":"post-103383","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-aside","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles","8":"category-dr-harold-gunatillake","9":"tag-blood","10":"tag-calcium-deposition","11":"tag-cardiologist","12":"tag-cholesterol","13":"tag-ct-scans","14":"tag-heart-attacks","15":"tag-oxygen","16":"post_format-post-format-aside"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.7.1 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Calcified arteries- what is the significance? - By Dr Harold Gunatillake - eLanka<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Calcium deposition in arteries shows how much fatty build-up or plaque formation. 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