{"id":117008,"date":"2023-06-27T09:01:27","date_gmt":"2023-06-27T09:01:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/?p=117008"},"modified":"2023-06-27T09:09:28","modified_gmt":"2023-06-27T09:09:28","slug":"educating-simple-voters-to-demand-a-genuine-and-simple-electoral-system-with-equal-vote-before-any-election-part-01-by-bernard-fernando","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/educating-simple-voters-to-demand-a-genuine-and-simple-electoral-system-with-equal-vote-before-any-election-part-01-by-bernard-fernando\/","title":{"rendered":"Educating simple Voters to demand a genuine and simple Electoral system with \u2018equal vote\u2019 before any Election.- Part 01 – By Bernard Fernando"},"content":{"rendered":"

Educating simple Voters to demand a genuine and simple Electoral system with \u2018equal vote\u2019 before any Election.- Part 01 – By Bernard Fernando<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Preface <\/strong>Our simple voters as main stake holders of a General\u00a0 Election, primarily<\/strong> want to know the Winning Party and the Number of seats they have won and secondarily <\/strong>the names of the \u2018225\u2019 who will represent them in the Supreme Parliament. They are not keen to know how the number of seats were calculated but accepted the result like the Bible truth. Even if they were keen, they would have given up halfway, unable to grapple with complex factors such as \u2018Relevant Votes\u2019 and \u2018Constructive figure\u2019 etc. stated in the Constitution as well as PR\/FPP ratios and \u2018over-hangs\u2019 arising from the Complex MMV System. However, the writer and a few concerned voters noted from the puzzling results as shown below, that under the pre-1978 FPP and post 1978 PR Elections, \u00a0the fundamental \u2018Equal value\u2019 of vote has been badly compromised basically to appease the Power hungry Politicians harping on the need to have so called \u2018Stable Govts .The miserable failure of \u00a0the present Electoral system \u00a0to achieve the aforesaid Primary and Secondary objectives due to continuous cold shouldering of \u2018System changes\u2019 proposed by the main stake holders \u00a0was desperately upstaged by the \u2018Peaceful Youth Aragalya\u2019 at the\u00a0 Galle Face in 2022. It is opined that at least with the advent of Provincial Councils (PCs ) in 1988,the authorities \u00a0should have firstly formulated a simple and fair Electoral system based on \u2018Equal ballot\u2019 as per Article 93 of our Constitution and\u00a0 more precisely on Article 21 (3) of UNs \u2018Universal Declaration of Human Rights -1948 which reads as follows.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u2018\u2019The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of Government; this Will<\/strong>\u00a0 shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage <\/strong>and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Secondly, the failure of the authorities to keep step with the changing times and \u00a0introduce a mandatory mechanism to ensure nomination of 225 \u2018Country first-Political Professionals\u2019 to represent\u00a0 the increasing No. of new generation youth(16.3 Mln sovereign voters in 2020), allowed the power hungry Party leaders, to continue nominating \u2018Black money\u2019 throwing candidates. They cajoled the poor voters to mark the preference vote, based on the \u2018goodies\u2019 offered by them and\u00a0 Election \u2018gundoos\u2019\/ false promises mentioned in the so called \u2018Election Manifestoes\u2019 making the optional preference vote almost compulsory. In other words the simple and gullible voters were compelled to select \u2018Horses\u2019 from lists of \u2018Donkeys\u2019. As a result, the achievement of the said Secondary objective too has failed miserably.<\/span><\/p>\n

It is evident that the failure of some of our voter dedicated organisations and civil activists over the years have contributed to the abortion of the said Primary and Secondary Objective of an Election.<\/span><\/p>\n

Voter Education imperative with a bit of Past and Present<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u2018First-Past-the Post\u2019( FPP) system<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

In order to educate the simple voters on \u2018Equality of vote\u2019 ,the main results of 1970 and 1977 Elections \u00a0based on Westminster \u2018First-Past-the Post\u2019(FPP) system, are tabled below. FPP means, the one who first passes the Post in the electorate is the sole winner. No second or third place except in a few multi- member seats !<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
1970-Gen.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Election – Votes\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Seats<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n1977-Gen.\u00a0 \u00a0 Election- Votes\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Seats <\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
SLFP\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1,839,979\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a091<\/span><\/td>\nUNP\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a03,179,221\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 140<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00a0LSSP\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 433,224\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 19<\/span><\/td>\nTULF\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 421,488\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 18<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
UNP\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1,892,525\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a017<\/span><\/td>\nSLFP\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1,855,331\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 08<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Federal Party\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 245,727\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a013<\/span><\/td>\nCWC\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a062,707\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a001<\/span><\/p>\n

LSSP\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0225,317\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Source: Wikepedia<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

In the present context, the above results under the FPP system smacks of a blatant mockery of the \u2018Equality of Vote\u2019. They look absurd and farcical even to a 5th<\/sup> grader! Both major Parties have eaten humble pie under the FPP system. As already stated , the sole reason for the above comedy is ; the \u2018The winner takes it all\u2019 virtually throwing the \u00a0valid votes of all other contestants to the waste paper basket even if their aggregate vote exceeds that of the winner!<\/span><\/p>\n

The voters should also realise that, the \u2018main wish\u2019 of FPP proponents to have a MP in the Electorate to resolve their Issues\/grievances at National Parliament level, became obsolete and redundant after i) the strengthening of the \u2018Decentralized Political Administration System\u2019 through PCs armed with 09 Provincial Parliaments in 1988, ii) Rapid advances in Communication media through TV\/ Internet \/Email\/Whats App.\/ FM Channels etc.\u00a0 and iii) Improvement of transport network with Private buses and long distance highways since 1990s that effectively made the country still smaller. Besides, at present, on average, there are 57 (Parliament, PC and Local Govt. level) politicians for each Electorate! Unfortunately, the effectiveness of the PCs was paralyzed by the MPs who jealously guarded their \u2018Preference Vote\u2019 Bank in the electorates\/Districts, by inter alia using their Decentralized budget and blocking the delegation of adequate powers and recognition to the PCs. Thus, restoring the FPP system is untenable and becomes a \u2018mere wish\u2019 in view of its inability to ensure more fundamental \u2018Equality of vote\u2019 and forging \u2018Sri Lankan ness\u2019. Let us also not forget those colossal burdens that People had to bear due to the dictatorial decisions of those 02 regimes commanding super majorities!<\/span><\/p>\n

Proportionate Representation (PR) System<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Original PR system of \u00a01978 \u00a0i) gave\u00a0 value\u00a0 to valid votes as much as possible,\u00a0 to meet the Primary\u00a0 objective of\u00a0 rational seat allocation through \u2018Equal value\u2019 of vote leading to fairness\u00a0 and accuracy of an Election and ii) introduced \u2018Meritocracy\u2019 through \u2018Merit based district-wise\u2019 Nomination lists. Also, the much larger District as the Electoral unit discouraged the 196 District MPs from spending their valuable time for vote canvassing efforts such as issuing MP\u2019s Chits, distributing goodies, attending local opening ceremonies, funerals, weddings, Birthdays etc, at electorate level. The PC members should be handling these matters. The MPs were expected to achieve Parliament objectives viz.\u00a0 \u2018Law making, National Budget making and monitoring and Foreign Policy\u2019 from the Centre. It is also pertinent to mention that the present system too does not prevent Parties from assigning Electoral duties to MPs as they wish.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sadly, during the intervening period up to 1989 General Election,(first one under the new \u00a0PR system), the said objectives of the original PR system too were subverted \u00a0by the following tinkering conspired as usual \u00a0by power hungry politicians.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Replacement of \u2018District Merit lists\u2019 by the infamous \u2018Preference cum \u2018Manapey\u2019 vote\u2019 mechanism with Nomination lists in alphabetical order.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Creation of 22 District Bonus seats not supported by valid votes to justify so called \u2018Stable Govt.\u2019<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    • District wise 5% minimum requirement of votes ejecting large chunks of valid votes to the waste paper basket to favour Major Parties.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
        \n
      1. Pre-determined seat allocation to 22 Districts for 01 Parliament.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        The differences resulting from such tinkering of genuine PR System plus Pre-1978 FPP Method can be seen again from the results of General Election<\/strong> – 2020<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        1<\/span><\/td>\n2<\/span><\/td>\n3<\/span><\/td>\n4<\/span><\/td>\n5<\/span><\/td>\n6<\/span><\/td>\n7<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Party\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/td>\nOfficial Votes<\/span><\/td>\nOfficial Seats\u00a0\u00a0 (with tinkering)<\/span><\/td>\nOfficial National %<\/span><\/td>\nRefined seats as per 4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0(without \u00a0tinkering<\/span><\/td>\nDifference\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (3-5) <\/span><\/td>\nFPP pre-1978\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Press results
        \n<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        SLPP<\/span><\/td>\n6,853,693<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0145<\/span><\/td>\n59.09<\/span><\/td>\n133<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0-12<\/span><\/td>\n131<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        SJB<\/span><\/td>\n2,771,984<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a054<\/span><\/td>\n23.90<\/span><\/td>\n54<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0–<\/span><\/td>\n10<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        JJB<\/span><\/td>\n445,958<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a003<\/span><\/td>\n3.84<\/span><\/td>\n09<\/span><\/td>\n+06<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        ITAK<\/span><\/td>\n327,168<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a010<\/span><\/td>\n2.82<\/span><\/td>\n07<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0– 03<\/span><\/td>\n15<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        UNP<\/span><\/td>\n249,435<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a001<\/span><\/td>\n2.15<\/span><\/td>\n05<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0+ 04<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        AITC<\/span><\/td>\n67,766<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a002<\/span><\/td>\n0.58<\/span><\/td>\n02<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0–<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        OPPOP<\/span><\/td>\n67,758<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a001<\/span><\/td>\n0.58<\/span><\/td>\n02<\/span><\/td>\n+01<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0–<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        TMVP<\/span><\/td>\n67,692<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a001<\/span><\/td>\n0.58<\/span><\/td>\n01<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0–<\/span><\/td>\n01<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        SLFP<\/span><\/td>\n66,579<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a001<\/span><\/td>\n0.57<\/span><\/td>\n01<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0–<\/span><\/td>\n01<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        EPDP<\/span><\/td>\n61,464<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a002<\/span><\/td>\n0.53<\/span><\/td>\n01<\/span><\/td>\n-01<\/span><\/td>\n01<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        Other 01 seat Parties<\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u00a005<\/span><\/td>\n\u00a0–<\/span><\/td>\n10<\/span><\/td>\n+05<\/td>\n01<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n\n\n\n
        Total<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n\u00a0225<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/td>\n225<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/td>\n160<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        Source: Col.No. 1 to 4-Based on NEC Results; \u00a0Col. No. 5 -Refined \u00a0after removing\u00a0 tinkering ; Col.No. 7 -Press results.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n

        Bernard Fernando- AIB(London), Exec.Dip.in Business Admin.-University of Colombo. Former Deputy General Manager- BOC\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/span><\/p>\n

        Email: jbvfernando@yahoo.com\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

        T\u2019Phone -0718118443-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

        Date:23- 06-2023<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Educating simple Voters to demand a genuine and simple Electoral system with \u2018equal vote\u2019 before any Election.- Part 01 – By Bernard Fernando Preface Our simple voters as main stake holders of a General\u00a0 Election, primarily want to know the Winning Party and the Number of seats they have won and secondarily the names of […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":117009,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[44913],"class_list":{"0":"post-117008","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-aside","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles","8":"tag-election","9":"post_format-post-format-aside"},"yoast_head":"\nEducating simple Voters to demand a genuine and simple Electoral system with \u2018equal vote\u2019 before any Election.- Part 01 - By Bernard Fernando - eLanka<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Educating simple Voters to demand a genuine and simple Electoral system with \u2018equal vote\u2019 before any Election. 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