{"id":46196,"date":"2020-06-21T12:11:03","date_gmt":"2020-06-21T12:11:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/?p=46196"},"modified":"2021-12-20T05:30:27","modified_gmt":"2021-12-20T05:30:27","slug":"48000-year-old-arrowheads-reveal-early-human-innovation-in-the-sri-lankan-rainforest-by-michelle-langley-oshan-wedage-patrick-roberts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/48000-year-old-arrowheads-reveal-early-human-innovation-in-the-sri-lankan-rainforest-by-michelle-langley-oshan-wedage-patrick-roberts\/","title":{"rendered":"48,000-year-old arrowheads reveal early human innovation in the Sri Lankan rainforest: BY Michelle Langley,  Oshan Wedage, Patrick Roberts"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 28px; color: #008080;\"><strong>48,<\/strong><span class=\"m_-3750790346397989517m-8092160323017864549nobr\">000-year<\/span><strong>-old arrowheads reveal early human innovation in the Sri Lankan\u00a0rainforest<\/strong><strong>: BY Michelle Langley,\u00a0 Oshan Wedage, Patrick Roberts<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46197 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/the-Sri-Lankan-rainforest-e1592740727441.jpg\" alt=\"the Sri Lankan rainforest\" width=\"600\" height=\"369\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Source:<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/48-000-year-old-arrowheads-reveal-early-human-innovation-in-the-sri-lankan-rainforest-139989?utm_medium=email&amp;utm_campaign=The%20Weekend%20Conversation%20-%201649215876&amp;utm_content=The%20Weekend%20Conversation%20-%201649215876+CID_80c2753b26e4c68ccc95f6c9cf238a98&amp;utm_source=campaign_monitor&amp;utm_term=48000-year-old%20arrowheads%20reveal%20early%20human%20innovation%20in%20the%20Sri%20Lankan%20rainforest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Conversion<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Archaeological excavations deep within the rainforests of Sri Lanka have unearthed the\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/advances.sciencemag.org\/content\/6\/24\/eaba3831\">earliest evidence<\/a>\u00a0for hunting with bows and arrows outside Africa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">At Fa-Hien Lena, a cave in the heart of Sri Lanka\u2019s wet zone forests, we discovered numerous tools made of stone, bone, and tooth \u2013 including a number of small arrow points carved from bone which are about 48,000 years old.<\/span><!--more--><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">When was the bow and arrow invented?<\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">The invention of the bow and arrow allowed people to hunt prey at a much greater distance. People no longer had to get within \u201ca stone\u2019s throw\u201d of prey which could suddenly bolt and escape. This innovation greatly increased the chances of a successful hunt.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Bows and arrows also made it much safer to hunt dangerous prey. If you don\u2019t have to get too close, you\u2019re less likely to be trampled or mauled by a hurt and angry animal.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">The origin of the bow and arrow is one of the great mysteries of human technological innovation. How did it come about? When? Where? And why?<\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><em><strong>Read more:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/what-a-bone-arrowhead-from-south-africa-reveals-about-ancient-human-cognition-137651\">What a bone arrowhead from South Africa reveals about ancient human cognition<\/a><\/strong><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46198 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Small-monkeys.jpg\" alt=\"Small monkeys\" width=\"244\" height=\"419\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Currently, the oldest evidence for the use of the bow and arrow are small stone points\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cambridge.org\/core\/journals\/antiquity\/article\/indications-of-bow-and-stonetipped-arrow-use-64-000-years-ago-in-kwazulunatal-south-africa\/89AF638BE5E64CEAC63363EFDD4D5E8F\">found in Sibudu cave in South Africa<\/a>, which are some 64,000 years old.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Outside Africa, the oldest finds were previously pieces of\u00a0<a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/worldarchery.org\/news\/166330\/how-old-bow-and-arrow\">bows found in Germany<\/a>\u00a0dating back no more than 18,000 years.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Because bows and arrows are mainly made from highly perishable stuff like wood, sinew, and fibres, they don\u2019t leave a lot of evidence behind for archaeologists to find. So the small bone points recovered from Fa-Hien Lena are an important discovery.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">The bone points show evidence for having been fixed to a small shaft and shot at high speed into prey \u2013 which were apparently mostly small monkeys and giant squirrels, judging by the butchered bones thrown away at the site after meals.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">Complex tools, complex minds<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46199 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/One-of-the-small-bone-points-discovered-at-Fa-Hien-Lena..jpg\" alt=\"One of the small bone points discovered at Fa-Hien Lena.\" width=\"260\" height=\"208\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">The discovery of such ancient bone arrow points is startling in itself. However, we also found other tools which give equally rare insights into the lives of the earliest members of our species currently documented in Sri Lanka.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Particularly interesting are well-preserved knives, scrapers, and awls made from the bones and teeth of monkeys and deer, which were used to work skins or plant materials.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">These tools are our only way to learn about the other, more fragile items that may originally have been at the site, because anything made from leather or plant fibre (such as clothing, bags, baskets, mats, or nets) stood no chance of surviving 48,000 years in the humid tropical environment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46200 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Bone-technology-of-Fa-Hien-Lena..jpg\" alt=\"Bone technology of Fa-Hien Lena.\" width=\"617\" height=\"450\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">One of these artefacts is an unusual implement with carefully spaced notches down each side. It appears to be a shuttle for creating nets of woven fibres. No doubt nets would have been incredibly useful for catching the tree-dwelling prey the people of Fa-Hien Lena hunted, as well as bringing the fish up from the rivers.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46201 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Symbolic-items-of-Fa-Hien-Lena.jpg\" alt=\"Symbolic items of Fa-Hien Lena\" width=\"618\" height=\"384\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">These rainforest pioneers also left behind evidence about their social lives in the form of white shell beads and small blocks of mineral pigments in bright colours: red, yellow, and silver.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Each of the pigment nodules show signs they were used to create paints for the body, and three of the bright red nodules were drilled to be strung as beads \u2013 something we have not found anywhere else in the world.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">The white shell beads, on the other hand, are similar to those found in Africa and Eurasia, but were collected or traded from the coast some 20\u201330 kilometres away. Apparently, small, shiny, white shell beads never get old.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">With these finds, it is becoming more and more clear that we have only just begun to scratch the surface when it comes to understanding the earliest modern human communities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46333\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Michelle-Langley.jpg\" alt=\"Michelle Langley\" width=\"170\" height=\"170\" \/><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/michelle-langley-351816\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/michelle-langley-351816&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1592924768394000&amp;usg=AFQjCNFVjskvN6sa6ZJGnWjcPGZnuq1BFw\"><span class=\"m_-7668773293458271090m-8092160323017864549fn\"><b>Michelle Langley<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Senior Research Fellow, Griffith University<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46334\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Oshan-Wedage.jpg\" alt=\"Oshan Wedage\" width=\"170\" height=\"170\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/oshan-wedage-1122171\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/oshan-wedage-1122171&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1592924768395000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHQDBFrjaiWjc0cfnlzYc-KiPbGNg\"><span class=\"m_-7668773293458271090m-8092160323017864549fn\"><b>Oshan Wedage<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Researcher, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46335\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/06\/Patrick-Roberts.jpg\" alt=\"Patrick Roberts\" width=\"170\" height=\"170\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/patrick-roberts-1115410\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-saferedirecturl=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?q=https:\/\/theconversation.com\/profiles\/patrick-roberts-1115410&amp;source=gmail&amp;ust=1592924768395000&amp;usg=AFQjCNHWojjJ4DlNbJWorktAUc_kJZOtZA\"><span class=\"m_-7668773293458271090m-8092160323017864549fn\"><b>Patrick Roberts<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"m_-7668773293458271090m-8092160323017864549role\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Research Group Leader, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History<\/span><u><\/u><u><\/u><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>48,000-year-old arrowheads reveal early human innovation in the Sri Lankan\u00a0rainforest: BY Michelle Langley,\u00a0 Oshan Wedage, Patrick Roberts Source:Conversion Archaeological excavations deep within the rainforests of Sri Lanka have unearthed the\u00a0earliest evidence\u00a0for hunting with bows and arrows outside Africa. At Fa-Hien Lena, a cave in the heart of Sri Lanka\u2019s wet zone forests, we discovered numerous [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":46200,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[23240,23236,23237,23238,23239],"class_list":{"0":"post-46196","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-aside","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles","8":"tag-fa-hien-lena","9":"tag-he-sri-lankan-rainforest","10":"tag-michelle-langley","11":"tag-oshan-wedage","12":"tag-patrick-roberts","13":"post_format-post-format-aside"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.7.1 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>48,000-year-old arrowheads reveal early human innovation in the Sri Lankan rainforest: BY Michelle Langley, Oshan Wedage, Patrick Roberts<\/title>\n<meta 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