{"id":53134,"date":"2020-11-21T14:41:43","date_gmt":"2020-11-21T14:41:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/?p=53134"},"modified":"2020-11-21T14:41:43","modified_gmt":"2020-11-21T14:41:43","slug":"electrocuted-elephant-near-nimalawa-sanctuary-by-kamanthi-wickramasinghe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/electrocuted-elephant-near-nimalawa-sanctuary-by-kamanthi-wickramasinghe\/","title":{"rendered":"Electrocuted elephant near Nimalawa Sanctuary-by Kamanthi Wickramasinghe"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #003366;\">Electrocuted elephant near Nimalawa Sanctuary-by Kamanthi Wickramasinghe<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-53135 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Asian-elephant.jpg\" alt=\"Asian elephant\" width=\"500\" height=\"398\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Source:<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 20px;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dailymirror.lk\/news-features\/Electrocuted-elephant-near-Nimalawa-Sanctuary-Looking-for-solutions-beyond-the-fence\/131-200016\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dailymirror<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><strong>Suspect released due to lack of evidence\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><strong>FFPO says fine could be between Rs.150,000 and Rs.500,000<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><strong>Housing projects bordering national parks and sanctuaries<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><strong>Farmers continue to experience the brunt of HEC<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53136 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Kamanthi-Wickramasinghe.jpg\" alt=\"Kamanthi Wickramasinghe\" width=\"250\" height=\"113\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\"><strong>Another elephant succumbed to injuries after being electrocuted near the Nimalawa Sanctuary recently. While most electric fences don\u2019t necessarily have electricity, they are just a simulation to keep elephants away and protect crops. However, the postmortem report revealed that the elephant died of electrocution and a suspect was taken into custody. While it is illegal to draw electricity in this nature, under the Flora and Fauna Protection Ordinance (FFPO) fines and punishments could be imposed for those who harm protected species. But, the Department of Wildlife Conservation (DWC) had to release the suspect on the same day due to lack of evidence; hence the authorities weren\u2019t able to prove him guilty. However, wildlife conservationists believe that community-based fences will be the most effective approach in mitigating human-elephant conflict (HEC). But many barriers exist.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">According to Dr. Sumith Pilapitiya, Asian elephant expert and former Director General of the Wildlife Conservation Department, the location has no bearing on the offence.\u00a0 \u201cThe killing or injuring of an elephant by electrocution is a punishable offence where ever it takes place.\u00a0 Part II, Paragraph 20 (1) of the Fauna and Flora Protection Ordinance (FFPO) states that a person electrocuting an elephant \u201cshall be guilty of an offence and shall on conviction be liable to a fine not less than one hundred and fifty thousand rupees and not exceeding five hundred thousand rupees or to an imprisonment of either description for a term not less than two years and not exceeding five years or to both such fine and imprisonment\u201d.\u00a0 Considering that the electrocution results in the elephant dying virtually on the spot, finding the culprit who did this should not be too difficult.\u00a0 That person should be prosecuted to the maximum extent of the law, because this will then serve as a deterrent for future actions such as this,\u201d he opined.<\/span><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><strong>Housing projects aggravating HEC<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">According to him, there is no more than one or two small herds in Nimalawa Sanctuary.\u00a0 \u201cBut there are some adult males who tend to go out of the Nimalawa Sanctuary and enter areas of human settlements and crops. The community has problems only with these elephants,\u201d said Dr.Pilapitiya.\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">However, during the previous regime, many housing projects were completed bordering wildlife sanctuaries and national parks. Dr. Pilapitiya questioned as to why housing projects are located in the areas bordering wildlife sanctuaries and national parks.\u00a0 \u201cIsn\u2019t it obvious that if a housing project is located on the boundary of a national park or sanctuary, there would be a problem posed by elephants to the communities?\u00a0 While this is obvious, housing projects continue to be located in such areas. A decision should be taken by the authorities that housing projects should NOT be located on the borders of national parks and sanctuaries.\u00a0 This is obviously easier to do than manage the conflict once the houses are constructed. Preventing a problem is always better than trying to solve one.\u00a0 For the housing schemes that are already constructed, the authorities should work with the communities to construct community based village electric fences.\u00a0 These are fences that surround the village and what we need to do is to protect villagers and their houses,\u201d he explained.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><strong>For the housing schemes that are already constructed, the authorities should work with the communities to construct community based village electric fences<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-53137 alignright\" style=\"color: #333333; font-size: 16px;\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Dr.-Sumith.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"100\" height=\"116\" \/><strong><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Dr. Sumith<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">According to him, one of the biggest reasons for the failure of using electric fences is due to the lack of proper maintenance.\u00a0 \u201cCommunity based fences, which I propose, will address this problem as the community undertakes its maintenance.\u00a0 After all, if the fence goes behind your house and there is a problem would you wait for the authorities to come and fix it or would you do it?\u00a0 You would do it because if an elephant comes, it is your house that would be damaged.\u00a0 Community based village electric fences have been pilot tested by the Centre for Conservation and Research (CCR) and have been operating successfully in the Kurunegala, Anuradhapura, Trincomalee and Hambanthota Districts for the last 8 years. While delegations from India, Malaysia, Myanmar and 13 African countries have visited these pilot sites and adopted the lessons learnt in human-elephant conflict mitigation in their countries, it is sad to note that our political authorities and bureaucrats are disinterested in visiting such sites and learning from the experiences of these successful projects; and instead stay mired in tried and failed approaches,\u201d he added.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><strong>The Government\u2019s role<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-53138 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/the-fences.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"384\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">\u201cProtection for crops and settlements has to be provided to ensure that similar things to keep elephants away from crops do not happen,\u201d he suggested. \u201cWe must first understand that fences are to protect settlements and crops and not elephants. Therefore, don\u2019t you think that logically, the fences should be erected to surround settlements and crops and not within forests? The Government is looking for a plan to address the Human Elephant Conflict. I must commend the President for appointing a Presidential Committee to prepare a National Action Plan for Human Elephant Conflict Mitigation. The Committee is in the process of finalising its report for submission to the President. The report is based on science, and takes into consideration biological factors that affect elephant range, including the carrying capacity of protected areas, ecological requirements and behaviour of elephants and their response to management actions. In addition to electric fences on the boundaries of elephant habitat, community based village electric fences and community based seasonal agricultural fences around crop fields are a solution to keep elephants away from settlements and cultivations. As a member of the committee I strongly feel that if the Government implements this action plan fully, we would see a significant reduction in the extent of property damage and crop damage from elephants on the short-term and reduce human and elephant deaths in the longer-term. The concern I have is that successive Governments have a tendency to implement sections of action plans, mostly driven by political expediency, and not do so comprehensively.\u00a0 When that happens there is no solution to the human elephant conflict.\u00a0 Just to illustrate what I mean with a mundane example, if you are going to bake a cake, and look at the recipe, but add only 50% of the ingredients, would you get the cake that you wanted?\u00a0 Ad hoc implementation of the HEC action plans would produce the same result.\u201d affirmed Dr.Pilapitiya.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><strong>Novel innovations to mitigate HEC<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">The Sri Lanka Inventors Commission (SLIC) together with the Ministry of Environment and Wildlife Resources and the DWC recently initiated a pilot project in the Karuwalagaswewa Divisional Secretariat. Following discussions, the Commission was briefed on the need to develop locally made energizers and other equipment required to mitigate HEC as means of cutting down the importation cost on similar equipment.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">\u201cSuccessive generations look at elephants as threats because of the damage to crops,\u201d opined SLIC Commissioner Prof. Rangika Halwatura. Being a wildlife enthusiast himself. Prof. Halwatura believes that there needs to be a system to allow humans and wildlife to coexist. \u201cRight now what\u2019s happening is a dissociation between humans and wildlife. When we visited some of these areas we noticed that the tanks were used by humans. But during the dry season elephants need water and when they come to have some water from the tank, the problem starts. Then there\u2019s a forest patch inside the village. So elephants drink water from the tank and hide in the forest patch,\u201d said Prof. Halwatura.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Having spent about two months in these villages, Prof. Halwatura and his team were able to preselect nine inventions for the piloting project. \u201cHowever only two of them (the wire fence and the bended fence) deemed to be successful. Most of them weren\u2019t successful because without knowing the hearing capacity of the elephant we cannot try out equipment like sound repellants.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><strong>Right now what\u2019s happening is a dissociation between humans and wildlife. When we visited some of these areas we noticed that the tanks were used by humans<\/strong><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-53139 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/11\/Prof.-Rangika.jpg\" alt=\"Prof. Rangika\" width=\"100\" height=\"135\" \/><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\"><strong> Prof. Rangika<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">According to him, elephants communicate through the ground and we are trying out bio-acoustic research as well. \u201cIf it succeeds, we don\u2019t have to put up fences right around villages. We can put fences in patches and use bio-acoustic sound equipment in agricultural areas.\u201d the professor said.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">He further stressed on developing custom-made energizers to match the frequency of an elephant\u2019s heartbeat, so that even though electric fences produce a current, they will only give a tiny shock to the elephant. Although the project cost between Rs. 1-2 million he said the cost could be reduced once equipment is manufactured locally. For that he invites students in technical colleges and those with technical backgrounds to think of creating startups to promote these equipment.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><strong>Suggestion from a farmer<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Even though many research-based solutions could be tried and tested, it may not always be the perfect solution in a practical sense. M. Jayamanne, a farmer from Neelabamma, Karuwalagaswewa, is one of many farmers who are affected by the HEC. \u201cBy around 4.00 pm the herd comes to our cultivations. We initially thought that the new project would have some effect, but a day or two ago, the elephants had damaged it. The new fence is difficult to be fixed as it\u2019s like a curtain,\u201d said Jayamanne.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">He however, has a suggestion that would effectively manage the conflict. \u201cWe suggest that they backhoe a deep drain between the agricultural plots and the road. Thereafter they can put up a fence on the new bank (wekanda). So the elephant therefore cannot step into the drain and will not be able to destroy the fence,\u201d he said.\u00a0<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">While appreciating the efforts taken by the Government and interested parties to mitigate HEC he said that practical solutions need to be implemented to save remaining crops as well as the elephants.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Electrocuted elephant near Nimalawa Sanctuary-by Kamanthi Wickramasinghe Source:Dailymirror Suspect released due to lack of evidence\u00a0 FFPO says fine could be between Rs.150,000 and Rs.500,000 Housing projects bordering national parks and sanctuaries Farmers continue to experience the brunt of HEC Another elephant succumbed to injuries after being electrocuted near the Nimalawa Sanctuary recently. While most electric [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":53135,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[30877,30878],"class_list":{"0":"post-53134","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-aside","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles","8":"tag-dr-sumith-pilapitiya","9":"tag-prof-rangika","10":"post_format-post-format-aside"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.7.1 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Electrocuted elephant near Nimalawa Sanctuary-by Kamanthi Wickramasinghe<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Another elephant succumbed to injuries after being electrocuted near the Nimalawa Sanctuary recently. 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