{"id":68042,"date":"2021-07-01T17:47:28","date_gmt":"2021-07-01T17:47:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/?p=68042"},"modified":"2021-07-01T17:47:28","modified_gmt":"2021-07-01T17:47:28","slug":"building-gender-equitable-economies-in-south-asia-post-covid-by-sofia-shakildiya-nag-and-fatima-laraib","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/building-gender-equitable-economies-in-south-asia-post-covid-by-sofia-shakildiya-nag-and-fatima-laraib\/","title":{"rendered":"Building gender-equitable economies in South Asia post-COVID-by Sofia ShakilDiya Nag and Fatima Laraib"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 28px; color: #333399;\">Building gender-equitable economies in South Asia post-COVID-<span style=\"color: #800080;\">by Sofia ShakilDiya Nag and Fatima Laraib<\/span><\/span><\/h1>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-68043 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Building-gender-e1625160796936.jpg\" alt=\"Building gender\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 20px;\">Source:<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 20px;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dailynews.lk\/2021\/06\/30\/features\/252773\/building-gender-equitable-economies-south-asia-post-covid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dailynews<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-68044 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Building-gender-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"608\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">With over\u00a030 million COVID-19 cases, South Asia currently finds itself in the midst of a devastating second wave of the pandemic. The region \u2013 already massively impacted in terms of lives and livelihoods in 2020 \u2013 has recently seen the number of cases\u00a0double in just over a month.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">\u00a0During the first wave, women were severely affected. In September 2020,\u00a0UNDP estimated\u00a0that the pandemic will see a three percent rise in the female poverty rate across the region, from 10 percent to 13 percent. In light of the second wave, this may well be an underestimate.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"google-auto-placed ap_container\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Not only has the pandemic affected the regional economy of South Asia, its impact will see women worse off than before. The governments of South Asia need to act much more decisively than they did in the first wave, or decades of progress on gender equality and women\u2019s empowerment will be lost. Lessons from the havoc caused by haphazard policy responses in the past need to be learned and appropriate actions need to be taken this time.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">During the first wave,\u00a0The Asia Foundation\u00a0analysed many of the\u00a0policy responses in Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Pakistan. Despite\u00a0evidence\u00a0of the unequal impact the pandemic has had on women compared to men, policy responses were not designed to take this into account. For example, access to social protection was generally made available to those who lost their jobs in the formal labour market. Since women comprise the majority of informal labour market workers, many were left out in the cold. Emergency measures for individuals and businesses (such as subsidies or tax relief) have been harder for women to obtain.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Already vulnerable due to insecure employment, many women in informal work or the \u2018gig economy\u2019 were the first to lose their jobs or see their wages cut as the pandemic progressed. Social protection programmes\u2019 outreach to women has been woefully inadequate, with most vulnerable workers falling through the cracks. According to a 36-year-old worker in Muzaffargarh, Pakistan, who participated in our study, women in her region \u201c\u2026 never received any help from Ehsaas (the government\u2019s social protection programme)\u201d. She said: \u201cI strongly believe that the government has failed completely in helping females working in the informal sector.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Women-led small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) have faced similar challenges. In Bangladesh, the study found that during the lockdown between March and May 2020, more than 50 percent of women-owned SMEs had to reduce their business activity, and 17 percent closed completely. Yet only five percent of the government\u2019s loans were reserved for women entrepreneurs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Much more needs to be done to restructure these programmes to make them accessible to women, and to inform women that the support is available.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Throughout the region, governments have relied heavily on digital platforms to communicate information on policies and programmes to citizens, yet the region has the widest digital gender divide in the world. South Asian women are\u00a028 percent less likely to own a mobile phone\u00a0than men.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Communication strategies that rely solely on digital platforms, therefore, exclude women. While Nepal\u2019s Government was quick to offer stimulus packages, weak outreach left most women without information or access to the benefits. Similarly in Pakistan, women\u2019s lack of digital literacy and access to technology prevented them from accessing government programmes, including a nutrition programme designed specifically for them.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Women\u2019s unequal access to digital technology needs to be addressed proactively now, so that they will be better able to adapt and rebuild their livelihoods after the pandemic ends. Since future workforce development programmes should focus on helping women informal sector workers develop new skills, and given that the platforms for the delivery of retraining programmes will likely be online, the digital divide needs to be overcome so that those opportunities will be available to women.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">Ultimately, rising gender inequalities can only be reduced if key structural inequalities are addressed. Perhaps it is time to recognise that the distinction between formal and informal labour is out of date and exclusionary. \u2018Employment\u2019 should be redefined to include both formal and informal jobs, including \u2018gigs\u2019. In India, female gig workers in the beauty service sector experienced a 50 to 100 percent reduction in demand for their services in the first wave of COVID-19, yet they are not considered to be formally employed and therefore missed out on the help available for those categorised as jobless.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">The burden of unpaid labour women bear also must be addressed. One of the key factors holding women back from full participation in economic, political, social and cultural life in South Asia is the vastly unequal distribution of unpaid household labour. This has become worse during the pandemic, with school closures and movement restrictions. For example, in India household responsibilities for women increased by 30 percent during the first year of the pandemic, while in Nepal women continue to carry out 80 percent of household work. Unless inequalities at home are addressed, it will make little sense to talk about supporting women to return to work after COVID-19.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\">The Foundation\u2019s study suggests that while Governments can consider adopting some fairly straightforward measures now to prevent greater inequity in the future, bold responses will be needed to address the fundamental causes of gender inequalities. As countries grapple with how to help their economies and labour force recover after COVID-19, rebuilding South Asia\u2019s economies to be gender equitable is the only way for them to return to normal, and become better.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #000000;\"><em>(This article is part of a collaborative series\u00a0with\u00a0The Asia Foundation.)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Building gender-equitable economies in South Asia post-COVID-by Sofia ShakilDiya Nag and Fatima Laraib Source:Dailynews With over\u00a030 million COVID-19 cases, South Asia currently finds itself in the midst of a devastating second wave of the pandemic. The region \u2013 already massively impacted in terms of lives and livelihoods in 2020 \u2013 has recently seen the number [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":68043,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[13619],"class_list":{"0":"post-68042","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-aside","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles","8":"tag-covid-19","9":"post_format-post-format-aside"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.7.1 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Building gender-equitable economies in South Asia post-COVID-by Sofia ShakilDiya Nag and Fatima Laraib<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"With over\u00a030 million COVID-19 cases, South Asia currently finds itself in the midst of a devastating second wave of the pandemic.\" 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