{"id":78544,"date":"2021-11-21T11:52:20","date_gmt":"2021-11-21T11:52:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/?p=78544"},"modified":"2021-11-21T11:52:20","modified_gmt":"2021-11-21T11:52:20","slug":"spread-awareness-stop-resistance-by-dr-kavindya-marapana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/spread-awareness-stop-resistance-by-dr-kavindya-marapana\/","title":{"rendered":"\u2018Spread Awareness, Stop Resistance\u2019-by Dr. Kavindya Marapana"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 24px; color: #000000;\">\u2018Spread Awareness, Stop Resistance\u2019-by Dr. Kavindya Marapana<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-78545\" src=\"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/Spread-Awareness-600x385.jpg\" alt=\"Spread Awareness\" width=\"600\" height=\"385\" \/><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 20px; color: #800000;\">World Antimicrobial Awareness Week \u2013 18th to 24th Nov. 2021<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #800000;\">Source:<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 16px;\" href=\"https:\/\/island.lk\/spread-awareness-stop-resistance\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Island<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global health and developmental threat. World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it as one of the top 10 global public health problems facing humanity, and at the same time it has also shown to have a major impact on animal, plant and environmental health. The misuse and overuse of the drugs are the main causes of this problem, and awareness as well as proper actions by the stakeholders including policymakers, healthcare providers and the general public, is of utmost importance to combat this threat.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">As the world marks the \u201cWorld Antimicrobial Awareness Week\u201d, two experts on the field, Dr. Primali Jayasekara, Consultant Medical Mycologist at the Medical Research Institute, Colombo, and Dr. Madumanee Abeygunawardane, Consultant Microbiologist at National Hospital Kandy, share their expertise on antimicrobial resistance, in a brief discussion.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Q: What is the significance of World Antimicrobial Awareness Week (WAAW)?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">WAAW is a global campaign, held annually since 2015, which aims to raise awareness of antimicrobial resistance worldwide and encourages best practices among the general public, health workers and policymakers to slow the development and spread of drug-resistant infections.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-49393 alignleft lazyloaded\" src=\"http:\/\/island.lk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/sri.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"334\" height=\"108\" data-src=\"http:\/\/island.lk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/11\/sri.jpg\" \/>This year, the WHO has declared the period from 18th to 24th November, 2021, as Antimicrobial Awareness Week with the theme, \u201cSpread Awareness, Stop Resistance\u201d.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Previously named \u2018World Antibiotic Awareness Week\u2019, it was changed in 2020 to \u2018World Antimicrobial Awareness Week\u2019 as it will reflect the broadened scope of the theme to include all antimicrobials including antibiotics, antifungals, antiparasitics and antivirals.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Q: What are antimicrobials?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Antimicrobials are medicines that are used to prevent and treat infections in humans, animals and plants which include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals and antiparasitics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Q: What is Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR), and how does it occur?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Antimicrobial resistance occurs when bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites change over time, usually through genetic changes, and no longer respond to the drugs. The misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in humans, animals and plants are the main drivers in the development of drug-resistant infections.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Q: Why is Antimicrobial resistance a major concern?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Antibiotics are becoming increasingly ineffective as drug-resistance spreads globally making treatment of infections harder. It increases the risk of disease spread, severe illness and even death, following any common infection.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Currently, we observe the treatment of bacterial infections including urinary tract infections, pneumonia and sepsis becoming difficult with high rates of resistance against antibiotics in all the hospitals of Sri Lanka. Bacteria like\u00a0<i>Klebsiella pneumonia Acinetobacter spp<\/i>\u00a0have become major causes of hospital-acquired infections such as pneumonia, bloodstream infections, and infections in newborns and intensive-care unit patients. We are observing such bacterial organisms becoming resistant to all antibiotics available in Sri Lanka, leaving no option to save lives of the patients with such infections.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Q: How does it affect the healthcare and economy of our country?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">The cost of AMR to the economy is significant. In addition to death and disability, which is irreversible, prolonged illness results in longer hospital stays, the need for more expensive medicines and financial challenges for those affected. Being a developing country with the majority of the people depending on free healthcare services, the additional cost it entails is significant.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Without effective antimicrobials, the success of modern medicine such as organ transplants and cancer treatment (chemotherapy) would be impossible with no option to manage infections.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Raising public awareness of antimicrobials can help reduce the misuse of them and slow resistance emergence as a result.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Q: What is the role the public can play in preventing AMR?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">It is important to make the public well aware that no antibiotic can cure viral infections including COVID-19. Besides, the consumption of antibiotics without any indication can be harmful.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Other practices which contribute to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Self-treatment with antibiotics by getting antibiotics over the counter for common colds, diarrhoea, sore throat and chronic wounds.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Incompletion of the antibiotic course (stopping when clinically feeling better).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Reducing the dose, expecting to reduce side-effects.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Sharing antibiotics with family members with similar symptoms.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">We need to know that cough and cold, sore throat and diarrhoea are most of the time caused by viruses and they are self-limited. And even for a bacterial infection, it is very important to take the correct dose of antibiotic at the correct time for the correct duration for cure and to avoid the emergence of resistance. A very common example is that many people suffer from urinary tract infections caused by resistant bacteria as a result of not completing the course of antibiotics during the previous episodes.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">It is strongly advised to take antibiotics only when a qualified Medical Officer prescribes them.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">The emergence of resistance can be slowed by using antibiotics correctly only when indicated, and we can save antibiotics for future.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Q: What is the danger of drug-resistant fungal infections?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Resistance to antifungals is a mounting global public health threat. Existing antifungal drugs are often associated with important negative side effects. Besides, a few new drugs are under development.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">Fungal infections also frequently complicate other illnesses. This was most recently illustrated by the devastating impact of mucormycosis (Black Fungus) and invasive aspergillosis during the COVID-19 pandemic.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">The prevalence of drug-resistant fungal infections is increasing and exacerbating the already difficult treatment situations. Many fungal infections have existing treatability issues such as toxicity especially for patients with other underlying infections (e. g. HIV). Drug-resistant\u00a0<i>Candida auris,<\/i>\u00a0one of the most common invasive fungal infections, is already widespread with increasing resistance reported to commonly used antifungal drugs and emerging resistance to other newer antifungal drugs.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" align=\"LEFT\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">This is leading to more difficulty treating fungal infections, treatment failures, longer hospital stays and much more expensive diagnostic and treatment options.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 16px; color: #000000;\">The world urgently needs to change the way it prescribes and uses antimicrobials. Even if new medicines are developed, we will not be able to keep up with the development of resistance as long as our practices are not changed. Without urgent action, we are heading towards a post-antibiotic era, in which common infections and minor injuries can once again cause death. Therefore, all of us at all levels are responsible for doing our part to save the antimicrobials for the future.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u2018Spread Awareness, Stop Resistance\u2019-by Dr. Kavindya Marapana World Antimicrobial Awareness Week \u2013 18th to 24th Nov. 2021 Source:Island Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global health and developmental threat. World Health Organization (WHO) has declared it as one of the top 10 global public health problems facing humanity, and at the same time it has [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":78545,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[39463,39464],"class_list":{"0":"post-78544","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-aside","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles","8":"tag-dr-madumanee-abeygunawardane","9":"tag-dr-primali-jayasekara","10":"post_format-post-format-aside"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.7.1 (Yoast SEO v25.9) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\u2018Spread Awareness, Stop Resistance\u2019-by Dr. Kavindya Marapana<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a global health and developmental threat. 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