{"id":85650,"date":"2022-01-31T17:03:58","date_gmt":"2022-01-31T17:03:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/?p=85650"},"modified":"2022-01-31T17:03:59","modified_gmt":"2022-01-31T17:03:59","slug":"brewing-a-different-cup-of-coffee-by-randima-attygalle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/brewing-a-different-cup-of-coffee-by-randima-attygalle\/","title":{"rendered":"Brewing a different cup of coffee-BY RANDIMA ATTYGALLE"},"content":{"rendered":"

Brewing a different cup of coffee-BY RANDIMA ATTYGALLE<\/span><\/h1>\n

\"coffee\"<\/p>\n

Source:<\/span><\/strong>Island<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

One of the top ten Arabica varieties of\u00a0 coffee in the world, our own\u00a0Lak Parakum\u00a0<\/i>is now being promoted by the Department of Export Agriculture in all Arabica\u00a0coffee-growing districts in the island. Plants of this variety are distributed among growers through several coffee nurseries in the upcountry. The coffee rust which ended the\u00a0 island\u2019s coffee romance in British-occupied then\u00a0 Ceylon is given hope for resurgence with the promotion of the new\u00a0 variety.<\/span><\/p>\n

History has it that coffee was introduced to Ceylon in 1503 by the Arab traders from Yemen. However, the planting of coffee as a commercial crop in the island commenced with the Dutch occupancy and continued under the British rule. Planter R.B Butler who had experience in coffee plantations in Jamaica came here in 1837 and introduced methods to yield a better coffee crop. By 1863, the value of coffee imported into Europe from all parts of the world amounted to \u00a3270 million, and we were exporting nearly a third of that. By 1870, Sri Lanka\u2019s coffee production peaked with over 275,000 hectares being cultivated, according to the Sri Lanka Export Development Board (EDB) data.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"The colonial Ceylon was among the top coffee producing and exporting nations and a coffee-drinking culture complete with\u00a0kopi kaday<\/i>\u00a0(coffee kiosks) and\u00a0kopi kele<\/i>\u00a0(coffee forests) evolved. Christine Spittel-Wilson\u2019s famous book\u00a0The Bitter Berry<\/i>\u00a0revolves around the ethos of a Ceylonese coffee plantation.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sadly, the coffee rust of 1870 (caused by the fungus\u00a0Hemileia vastatrix<\/i>) destroyed all plantations bringing the coffee romance of the country to an end. Although rust-tolerant varieties were later introduced, today coffee is an intercrop with tea and coconut. However,\u00a0Lak Parakum<\/i>\u00a0promoted by the Department of Export Agriculture (DEA), encourages planters to expand their coffee acreage.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sri Lanka\u2019s coffee cultivation covers around 4,600 hectares and the two main commercially important species locally grown are Arabica coffee (Coffea Arabica<\/i>) and Robusta Coffee (Coffea canephora).<\/i>\u00a0These two main species grown here include several varieties. \u201cWhile Arabica coffee varieties are recommended for mid and up country areas with an altitude of over 400m (Nuwara Eliya, Kandy, Matale and Badulla), Robusta variety is recommended for mid and low country with an altitude of less than 800m( Kegalle, Kurunegala, Kandy and Matale). These<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

recommendations are made depending on the temperature variation. While Arabica prefers a temperature of 15-28\u00baC, Robusta thrives in a temperature of 18-36\u00baC\u201d says Dr. H.M.P.A Subasinghe, Director (Research), Department of Export Agriculture (DEA).<\/span><\/p>\n

The global specialty coffee market as the EDB notes, is projected to reach over USD 80 billion by 2025 which offers enormous growth potential for coffee producers. In line with this increasing demand, Sri Lanka\u2019s coffee exports have increased in recent years, growing 84 percent from 2017 to reach nearly USD 355,000 by 2019 according to EDB data. The coffee industry as the EDB notes, has attracted increased investment from the private sector and increased local demand and consumption of locally grown coffee in hotels, restaurants and cafes.<\/span><\/p>\n

More than 80% the world demand is for Arabica coffee and the requirement is 8.8 million mt, says Dr. Subasinghe.\u00a0Lak Parakum<\/i>\u00a0with its quality parameters stands among the best ten Arabica varieties in the world, he adds.<\/span><\/p>\n

Even after releasing the new variety\u00a0Lak Parakum,<\/i>\u00a0it did not become popular among farmers due to lower prices offered for coffee. But the Director (Research) of the DEA then, Dr. J.M.Seneviratne initiated collaborations with the authorities at the Nuwara Eliya District Secretariat to popularize the new variety among growers in the Nuwara Eliya District. He also worked with Mr. Kenneth McAlpine, a member of the Specialty Coffee Association (SCA) for the global coffee industry to find the quality parameters of\u00a0Lak Parakum<\/i>\u00a0and found that overall score was 85.5 which is way above the cutoff point for the best coffees which is considered to be 75.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

While\u00a0Lak Parakum\u00a0<\/i>is promoted for higher elevations, IMY which is of Robusta variety is also promoted for lower elevations right now. While the domestic coffee consumption is 2,300 mt. our annual production was 2,345 mt. in 2020 according to DEA\u2019s statistics. Our annual export volume was 26.6 mt in 2020. Australia, UAE, USA, Maldives, New Zealand, Chile, UK and Germany are the major buyers of Sri Lankan coffee. The annual coffee import volume was 104.9 mt in 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cDue to immature coffee harvesting and bad processing practices, most importing countries are rejecting our coffee and with the new variety if we can practice timely harvesting and good processing practices, the export potential is very high,\u201d observes Dr. Subasinghe.<\/span><\/p>\n

Several new measures are now in place to tap a lucrative market for Sri Lankan coffee. Production of planting material with private sector nurseries, awareness programmes for harvesting and processing practices for high quality products, promotion for value addition, introduction of GAP (Good Agricultural Practices) Certification to get premium prices and increasing the coffee extent from 4,600 ha to 5,800 ha and the export volume from 30 mt. to 200 mt by 2025 are among these. Collaborations with the Australian government-funded Market Development Facility for the improvement of the coffee industry are also in place.<\/span><\/p>\n

Although threats from rust diseases are still prevalent in coffee fields, they can be controlled with good management practices and available control measures, points out Dr. Subasinghe. \u201cApart from the rust disease, the major pest problem is the coffee berry borer damage. This too can be managed with good crop management practices. While Robusta varieties are highly tolerant for rust, Arabica is medium tolerant.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Due to the low prices offered for coffee (Rs. 350 to 400 per kilo), many growers had neglected coffee in the last few years, however, currently a kilo of coffee could get Rs. 1,200. \u201cWe also offer coffee growers incentives including free planting material, technological assistance for planting, crop management, harvesting, fertilizer application, processing and management of pest and diseases. Subsidies for irrigation facilities and machinery used for post-harvest practices and support for GAP are also offered.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Managing Director of Kelaneiya & Braemar Estate Maskeliya, Murugiah Balendran, a leading grower of\u00a0Lak Parakum\u00a0<\/i>first experimented with it in 2014. Director (Research) of the DEA then, Dr. J.M.Seneviratne who collected a gene pool from old plants from many areas including Walapane, Ramboda, Galaha and Nilambe offered me mother plants of\u00a0Lak Parakum<\/i>\u00a0and encouraged me to experiment with them,\u201d reflects Balendran who goes onto add that the \u2018trial and error\u2019 exercise eventually turned out to be successful. His own estate which was once an exclusive coffee plantation still has coffee trees more than 100 years old.<\/span><\/p>\n

The senior planter who is now well versed in producing seed stock of\u00a0Lak Parakum<\/i>\u00a0has released about 1,500 kg to nurseries since 2018. \u201cEach kilo of seed could produce 2,000 to 3,000 plants, so a sizeable amount of plants have been generated todate.\u201d Balendran has dedicated four hectares of land to coffee alone today and urge fellow coffee growers to move away from the \u2018intercrop mindset\u2019 and allocate more fertile land for the crop. \u201cMany growers plant coffee in vacant land space where largely tea had been removed. However, unless the soil quality is improved, planting coffee in vacant tea and coconut estates won\u2019t do.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Balendran who also grows several other varieties of coffee including a few Indian ones remarks that there is a notable difference between those and\u00a0Lak Parakum<\/i>\u00a0in terms of the yield, resistance to disease and the texture of beans. \u201cHowever it will take us another four to five years to show the true potential of it.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Lack of fertilizer has taken a notable toll on the crop, laments the planter. \u201cAt the time of blooming and berries start setting, we need to give some fertilizer. But unfortunately last year our crop was very poor and didn\u2019t match our expectations. Even the seed delivery to DEA and other agents got curtailed to a large extent. Moreover, although I have been supplying coffee seed material from 2018, I have so far not received any significant assistance from any government agency,\u201d remarks Balendran who moots an effective result-oriented incentive scheme for coffee growers.<\/span><\/p>\n

Photo credit: Murugiah<\/span>
\nBalendran, Royal Commonwealth<\/span>
\nSociety, W.L.H. Skeen & Co.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Brewing a different cup of coffee-BY RANDIMA ATTYGALLE Source:Island One of the top ten Arabica varieties of\u00a0 coffee in the world, our own\u00a0Lak Parakum\u00a0is now being promoted by the Department of Export Agriculture in all Arabica\u00a0coffee-growing districts in the island. Plants of this variety are distributed among growers through several coffee nurseries in the upcountry. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":85651,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[41567,37545],"class_list":{"0":"post-85650","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-aside","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles","8":"tag-murugiah-balendran","9":"tag-sri-lanka-export-development-board","10":"post_format-post-format-aside"},"yoast_head":"\nBrewing a different cup of coffee-BY RANDIMA ATTYGALLE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"One of the top ten Arabica varieties of\u00a0 coffee in the world, our own\u00a0Lak Parakum\u00a0is now being promoted by the Department\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"noindex, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" 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