{"id":88672,"date":"2022-03-21T10:41:34","date_gmt":"2022-03-21T10:41:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/?p=88672"},"modified":"2022-03-22T19:41:48","modified_gmt":"2022-03-22T19:41:48","slug":"journey-through-time-as-the-bridge-turns-90-includes-quote-by-sydney-university-engineer-and-bridge-expert-professor-wije-ariyaratne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/journey-through-time-as-the-bridge-turns-90-includes-quote-by-sydney-university-engineer-and-bridge-expert-professor-wije-ariyaratne\/","title":{"rendered":"Journey through time as the Bridge turns 90 \u2013 (includes quote by Sydney University engineer and bridge expert Professor Wije Ariyaratne)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Journey through time as the Bridge turns 90 \u2013 (includes a quote by <\/b>Sydney University engineer and bridge expert Professor Wije Ariyaratne)<\/span><\/u><\/u><\/b><\/h1>\n

Source:<\/strong>news.com.au<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

A birthday extravaganza like no other is taking place this weekend as Sydney Harbour Bridge celebrates its 90th birthday.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

On Saturday, Sydneysiders will mark the anniversary of the iconic site\u2019s opening in 1932 with a series of free concerts, pop-up art galleries and installations.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

In a special tribute, the pylons, upper and inner arches and under the road deck will light up over four nights, showcasing the bridge\u2019s history.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

In a nod to the bridge\u2019s early history, Sydney will take a step back in time as vintage transport, including an original train carriage from the bridge\u2019s opening, cross the railway.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

Historic double-decker buses will operate from North Sydney and Wynyard while vintage ferries run between Milsons Point and Campbells Cove.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

The BridgeClimb is offering discounted birthday climbs, allowing participants to join the more than four million customers who have climbed the arch since the company\u2019s opening in 1998.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

For some, the anniversary will be particularly sentimental.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

Betty Thompson was eight-years-old when she witnessed the bridge\u2019s opening.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

Now 98, Ms White recalls the excitement that filled the air as more than one million people crossed the bridge for the first time.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cI remember it being a big walk and seeing children everywhere\u201d, she said. \u201cNot many people can say they have seen such an iconic moment in their lives.\u201d<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

Built at the height of the Great Depression, the bridge was a beacon of hope for many who would otherwise be unemployed.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

Over the course of its eight-year construction, the bridge employed 1,400 workers, at a cost of more than 10 billion pounds.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

Ms Thompson said after two years of Covid-19 disruptions, it was fitting the bridge was once again reuniting people, just as it did 90 years ago.<\/u><\/u><\/span><\/p>\n

Her observation is a testament to the work of engineer John Bradfield, who designed the bridge to connect communities, boost the economy and future-proof the city.\u00a0<\/span>Sydney University engineer and bridge expert Professor Wije Ariyaratne said, \u201cBradfield\u2019s design was the beginning of today\u2019s Sydney\u201d.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cJohn Bradfield was a visionary and a futurist. He didn\u2019t design for his day \u2013 he designed for the future and for all of us. No one had a greater impact on this city,\u201d said Prof Ariyaratne.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sydney Harbour Bridge: Celebrating 90 years of an Australian icon<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n

Source: 7 News\u00a0<\/a>
\nIt started as a way to connect two sides of Sydney Harbour but, over 90 years, has become an iconic part of visiting Australia.<\/p>\n

It\u2019s an icon of\u00a0Australia<\/a>\u00a0and a beacon to tourists around the world.<\/p>\n

The\u00a0Sydney<\/a>\u00a0Harbour Bridge is celebrating 90 years since it opened to the public on March 19, 1932.<\/p>\n

See the Sydney Harbour Bridge\u2019s history come to life in the video above<\/strong><\/p>\n

It\u2019s been described as a wonder of engineering, built for\u00a06.25 million pounds<\/a>\u00a0in the currency of the day – nearly twice the original estimate.<\/p>\n

Today, about 160,000 vehicles and 480 trains cross the bridge daily.<\/p>\n

But it was some 130 years in the making before the first person crossed the bridge.<\/p>\n

A bridge through time<\/h2>\n

Dr Ian Hoskins is an historian and the author of the book\u00a0Sydney Harbour: A History.<\/em><\/p>\n

He has written that the \u201cfirst mention of a bridge across Sydney Harbour appeared in 1789, just a year after the First Fleet arrived\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cGovernor Arthur Phillip\u2019s description of the harbour … in dispatches back to London inspired Erasmus Darwin to write a poem about the arrival of \u2018hope\u2019 on the other side of the world,\u201d Dr Hoskins wrote.<\/p>\n

\u201cIn an extraordinary bit of lucky prophecy, Darwin spoke of a \u2018proud arch\u2019 across the harbour.\u201d<\/p>\n

While a design for a single span bridge was drafted in 1857, there was no way it could have been achieved with the technology available at the time.<\/p>\n

Over the next 50 years, there would be a number of different designs for a bridge.<\/p>\n

One was from Dorman Long & Co and resembles Brisbane\u2019s Story Bridge, while another design would have linked Balls Head, Miller\u2019s Point and Balmain with a central tower on Goat Island.<\/p>\n

\"Journey
A rendering of F. Ernest Stowe\u2019s design for the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Credit: Budget Direct<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\"Journey
Dorman Long & Co. Ltd\u2019s alternate design looks similar to Brisbane\u2019s Story Bridge, which would open eight years later. Credit: Budget Direct<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

It wasn\u2019t until John Bradfield was appointed Chief Engineer for the Sydney Harbour Bridge and City Transit in 1912 that plans started to firm up.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cJohn Bradfield was the key figure in pushing for the bridge that was finally built and the key person approving its design,\u201d Hoskins said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe arch bridge that was finally decided upon in 1924 was designed by Ralph Freeman who worked for Dorman Long, the winners of the Bridge tender.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

In preparation for construction, the government resumed hundreds of commercial and residential properties on both sides of the harbour, affecting thousands of people.<\/span><\/p>\n

The first sod was turned in 1923, then tonnes of stone steel were used to complete the project.<\/p>\n

\"Journey
The beloved ferry arcade at Milson Point was a harbour landmark, demolished in 1926 to make way for the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Credit: Stanton Library<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Jeremy Hards is Director of Roads Maintenance, Sydney Harbour Bridge and Precinct, at Transport for NSW.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cAbout 40 per cent of the steel supply was provided by BHP, so locally Australian manufactured,\u201d says Mr Hards.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe other 60 per cent was serviced from the UK, so there was a lot of logistics involved there.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe granite blocks you see on the northern and southern pylons were all sourced from Moruya on the NSW south coast.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

An important part of the design was the single span, allowing ships to cross underneath unobstructed.<\/span><\/p>\n

At the time, perfectly calculating – and joining – the arch was considered an extraordinary achievement.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\"Journey
\u00a0This picture taken of Sydney Harbour Bridge construction in 1929. Credit: Clarence01\/Getty Images\/iStockphoto <\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
<\/picture><\/figure>\n
<\/picture><\/figure>\n

Raymond Daly is Project Engineer, Sydney Harbour Bridge and Precinct, at Transport for NSW.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThey didn\u2019t have the computer aided technology (or) the fancy surveying tools,\u201d Mr Daly explained.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBut they managed to get that precise, spot on.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

According to Dr Hoskins, the arch was the first part of the bridge to be built.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt was constructed from both sides so that the arch was joined in the middle,\u201d he said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOnce the arch was joined, the platform which would support the road, train and tram tracks could be built.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Strikes and stop works<\/span><\/h2>\n

Over the next decade, 40,000 tonnes of steel and six million rivets would go into completing the Sydney Harbour Bridge.<\/span><\/p>\n

But it wasn\u2019t all smooth sailing.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThere were strikes and stop-works throughout the construction,\u201d Hoskins remarked.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSixteen men died out of a workforce of 1,600 \u2013 itself remarkable given the absence of modern safety equipment.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Then in March 1932, celebrations began in anticipation of the opening of the bridge<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Journey
Thousands flock to the opening of the Sydney Harbour Bridge in 1932. Credit: Supplied<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Fifty-two thousand school children were the first to walk across on March 16, ahead of the big day on March 19.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThere were two ribbons,\u201d Hoskins said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOne on the south side, officially cut by NSW Premier Jack Lang after the right-wing protester Francis De Groot slashed it with a sword, and another on the north side, cut by the North Sydney Mayor Hubert Primrose.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Journey
Premier of New South Wales, Jack Lang, opens the bridge by cutting a ribbon. Credit: Supplied <\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

It\u2019s estimated that 600,000 people – half of Sydney\u2019s population at the time – turned out for one of the city\u2019s biggest ever days.<\/span><\/p>\n

Twenty-one thousand\u00a0cars<\/a>\u00a0and 80,000 passengers then crossed the bridge the day after it opened, with more than 1.1 million vehicles using it in the first three months.<\/span><\/p>\n

It also became Australia\u2019s first toll bridge – something the then premier, Jack Lang, announced only three days before the opening.<\/span><\/p>\n

Taking a toll<\/span><\/h2>\n

Crossing the bridge in 1932 cost six pence for a car (roughly equivalent to today\u2019s $2.57), plus another six pence per adult passenger, or three pence per child.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bikes and motorcycles were charged three pence ($1.28), while heavier vehicles had to pay between two and three shillings ($10.26 – $15.40).<\/span><\/p>\n

For the first six months, toll collectors had no shelter – standing on the bridge in rain, hail or shine to take up money.<\/span><\/p>\n

In June 1934, canopies were erected to help protect toll staff from the weather.<\/span><\/p>\n

It wasn\u2019t until 1949 that the familiar toll booths were installed.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Journey
The first permanent toll booths on the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Credit: Supplied<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

In July 1970, one-way tolling was introduced, with tolls then collected only from southbound traffic.<\/span><\/p>\n

In 1993, the Sydney Harbour Bridge began the first trial of electronic toll collection in Australia, using 1,000 tags and six toll lane \u2018readers\u2019.<\/span><\/p>\n

The trial was deemed a success, more than doubling the number of cars that could pass through toll booths per hour.<\/span><\/p>\n

Over the next six years, 30,000 electronic tags were issued.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Journey
\u00a0Work to remove the out of service toll booths at the Kirribilli end of the Sydney Harbour Bridge began in 2020. Credit: James D. Morgan\/Getty Images<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

From January 11, 2009, the bridge became cashless, leaving the imposing toll booths empty and obsolete.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cTraffic greatly improved,\u201d Transport for NSW\u2019s Raymond Daly said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSo you didn\u2019t have that constant stop, start, stop to put money in or, later on, the e-tag, but it fixed a lot of the lane-filtering issues.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

in 2017, the southern toll booths were removed, followed by the northern booths in 2020.<\/span><\/p>\n

It takes a village<\/span><\/h2>\n

There\u2019s no doubt the Sydney Harbour Bridge is an icon, so it\u2019s no surprise it\u2019s heritage listed.<\/span><\/p>\n

But did you know the colour of the bridge is also heritage listed?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cSydney Harbour Bridge grey – it\u2019s actually called that,\u201d said Transport\u2019s Jeremy Hards.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cYou can\u2019t buy it anywhere, it\u2019s not on any colour chart.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201c It\u2019s a special paint that\u2019s only made by one supplier.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Journey
Paul Hogan working on the Sydney Harbour Bridge 1971.<\/span>\u00a0Credit:\u00a0John Carnemolla\/Corbis via Getty Images<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Repainting the iconic bridge is by no means quick.<\/p>\n

\u201cThere\u2019s 485,000 square metres of steel that needs painting, so it takes a bit of time – give or take about 30 odd years if we hit our meterage targets.\u201d<\/p>\n

\"\"
Sydney Harbour Bridge grey is unique and heritage listed. Credit: Transport for NSW<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

About 120 people work full-time on the structure, including around 100 painters, riggers, electricians, fitters, metal fabricators and engineers.<\/span><\/p>\n

Iconic Aussie actor Paul Hogan famously worked on the bridge in the early 1970s.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThere\u2019s 4,500 individual elements that we we\u2019ve broken the bridge into and each one of those elements gets inspected at least once every two years,\u201d Mr Hards said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Journey
Crews conducting maintenance work on the Sydney Harbour Bridge. Credit: Transport for NSW <\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

So after all this time, does the bridge still have a lot of life left in it?<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt\u2019s well and truly over-engineered,\u201d Mr Hards said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe amount of traffic that it carries now – the modern trains that we have, the trucks that cross the bridge – by no means have we exceeded limits of the bridge capability.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

On the map<\/span><\/h2>\n

As well as being a vital piece of infrastructure, the Sydney Harbour Bridge has become a popular destination for domestic and international tourists.<\/span><\/p>\n

Every year, the world watches on as Australia is one of the first cities to ring in the new year, heralded by an epic fireworks display with the bridge at the centre.<\/span><\/p>\n

As well as taking in the water views and enjoying the restaurants and bars around the harbour, tourists can even climb the bridge to see the view from the top.<\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Journey
Nikki Webster and Kylie Minogue on top of the Sydney Harbour Bridge in 2000.\u00a0<\/span>Credit:\u00a0GRANT WILSON\/AP<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

 <\/p>\n

BridgeClimb was founded by Paul Cave in 1998 and more than four million people have now ascended the famous structure.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cPeople really do see this as the heart of Sydney,\u201d said Deb Zimmer, CEO of BridgeClimb.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWhen [people] watch the New Year\u2019s Eve fireworks … it\u2019s something that you always want to see.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Over the past 24 years, some famous faces have made their way up the bridge.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cOprah Winfrey was one of the bigger ones (and) Prince Harry,\u201d Zimmer said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Journey
Oprah Winfey climbs the Sydney Harbour Bridge with members of her audience on May 13, 2010 in Sydney, Australia. Oprah was in town to record an episode of her hit TV show.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
<\/picture><\/figure>\n
\"Journey
Britain’s Prince Harry, Australia’s Prime Minister Scott Morrison and Invictus Games representatives climb the Sydney Harbour Bridge in Sydney, Friday, October 19, 2018. The Duke and Duchess are on a tour to Australia, Fiji, Tonga and New Zealand. (AP Photo\/Steve Christo, Pool)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

BridgeClimb has also recently launched the Burrawa climb, an Indigenous storytelling experience.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cWe launched this with the blessing of quite a few of the key Aboriginal people in Sydney.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThey\u2019ve been amazing, giving us all these stories, their perspective from the top of the bridge and what all these moments mean to them.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

\"Journey
Visitors on BridgeClimb\u2019s Burrawa climb. Credit: Supplied<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u2018Defining Sydney\u2019<\/span><\/h2>\n

It\u2019s hard to know where Sydney would be today without the harbour bridge as we know it.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cThe bridge defined Sydney and indeed Australia,\u201d Ian Hoskins said.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt changed the scale of Sydney Harbour – it made it smaller visually, simply by its sheer size.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cBut it also connected north and south and thereby diminished the separation of the two parts of the city.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

For Deb Zimmer, the bridge is a way to sell Sydney and Australia to the world.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cIt really is a drawcard – we are just talking about shooting the latest Tourism Australia ad,\u201d she said.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Journey through time as the Bridge turns 90 \u2013 (includes a quote by Sydney University engineer and bridge expert Professor Wije Ariyaratne) Source:news.com.au A birthday extravaganza like no other is taking place this weekend as Sydney Harbour Bridge celebrates its 90th birthday. On Saturday, Sydneysiders will mark the anniversary of the iconic site\u2019s opening in […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":88673,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[42686,42685,42725,42687],"class_list":{"0":"post-88672","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-aside","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles","8":"tag-north-sydney","9":"tag-sydney-harbour","10":"tag-sydney-harbour-bridge-celebrating-90-years","11":"tag-sydney-university","12":"post_format-post-format-aside"},"yoast_head":"\nJourney through time as the Bridge turns 90 \u2013 (includes quote by Sydney University engineer and bridge expert Professor Wije Ariyaratne) - eLanka<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A birthday extravaganza like no other is taking place this weekend as Sydney Harbour Bridge celebrates its 90th birthday.On Saturday,\" \/>\n<meta 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