{"id":89370,"date":"2022-03-30T03:10:19","date_gmt":"2022-03-30T03:10:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/?p=89370"},"modified":"2022-03-30T03:10:19","modified_gmt":"2022-03-30T03:10:19","slug":"travails-of-an-early-coffee-planter-by-hugh-karunanayake","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/websitedesigns.com.au\/elankanew\/travails-of-an-early-coffee-planter-by-hugh-karunanayake\/","title":{"rendered":"TRAVAILS OF AN EARLY COFFEE PLANTER – by Hugh Karunanayake"},"content":{"rendered":"

TRAVAILS OF AN EARLY COFFEE PLANTER – <\/strong>by Hugh Karunanayake<\/span><\/h1>\n

If one lived in Sri Lanka in the mid 1900s, a name such as F.L. Dick would have raised more than a few titters. The unfortunate man lived in Ceylon a century before \u00a0such a possibility, in an age \u00a0when neither \u201cF.L.\u201d nor Dick\u00a0 meant anything other than a mere name. Frederick Lacy Dick \u00a0was the elder son of Samuel Dick\u00a0 a wealthy landowner from the Isle of Wight who invested heavily in opening up coffee plantations in Ceylon \u00a0in the mid 1800s and which eventually \u00a0succumbed to the \u2018coffee crash\u2019 of the time.\u00a0 Fred and his brother who came out to Ceylon to manage their plantations lost their means to a livelihood \u00a0as a result of the coffee crash. That was the time when the country was a Crown Colony and the British who were running the country were able\u00a0 to do as they pleased, and people in their early teens were appointed to the Ceylon Civil \u00a0Service presumably in the belief that a 13 year old lad from England had more intelligence than that of the thousands of adult \u201cnatives\u201d he was expected to administer!. Let me digress here briefly, \u00a0to advert to the doings of Ceylon\u2019s first Governor\u00a0 Frederick North who arrived in the island on 12 October 1798 accompanied by officials appointed to assist North in running the country. Also in this group were three boys, each of thirteen years age, Sylvester Gordon, Robert Barry and George Lusignan who were expected to \u201clearn the languages of the country and work under the first assistant to the Chief Secretary William Boyd until they were \u201cfitted for promotion to responsible posts\u201d .Barry and Gordon accompanied\u00a0 North on his tour round the island in 1800 when each of the boys would have been 15 years of age. Sadly both Gordon and Barry were killed in the Watupuluwa massacre of 1803 at the age \u00a0of 18 years as members \u00a0of the failed expedition to capture\u00a0 Kandy and its king. Of the three boys only Lusignan survived, despite \u201csome indiscretions\u201d, to adulthood, and \u00a0died at the age of 41<\/span><\/p>\n

The early years of the Ceylon \u00a0Civil Service were characterised by appointments not necessarily based on merit, but rather, by a person\u2019s connections with the establishment \u00a0in a country where the new overlords were free to reign unchallenged, and to do as they pleased.<\/span><\/p>\n

Frederick Lacy Dick and his brother were sons of \u00a0wealthy Highland landowners\u00a0 Samuel and Mary Dick of the Isle of Wight. The Dicks had invested many thousands of pounds in opening up and planting Attaltenna Estate in Coffee.( I have been trying to identify this estate by its current \u00a0name, but cannot find the name in lists of estates currently under cultivation) <\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

The coffee crash compelled the brothers to look for employment, and FL Dick at the age of 30 was appointed\u00a0 to the Ceylon Civil Service on 1 October 1845. His first \u00a0appointment was as \u00a0Police Magistrate, Negombo, a job to which he took earnestly. He was regarded as a man of integrity and an enthusiastic proponent of \u00a0the principles of\u00a0 justice and the rule of law.<\/span><\/p>\n

On Friday 29 August 1847 \u00a0Dick had imposed fines of \u00a0\u00a35\u00a0 each on four of the Court peons who had allowed one Daniel Appoo, a suspected robber, to escape from their custody. The peons did their own investigations and found that the thief was at a place called Welikanna, but that he had armed himself and had declared\u00a0 that he would not be taken alive. Dick on hearing this determined that he himself should apprehend the man who \u00a0was in defiance of\u00a0 the law. \u00a0Dick armed himself with pistols and together with a Mr Northmore who was then \u00a0staying with him, proceeded in search of Daniel Appoo. Don Juan Appoo, a witness said that on the day (Friday 29 August 1847) he was sent for by the Magistrate\u2019s interpreter Mr Pereira who asked him to go to a place called Pallanchena \u00a0with \u00a0Dick to assist in apprehending the robber Daniel Appoo. He went with Dick who was also accompanied by \u00a0Northmore, a Police Sergeant Oodoma Lebbe, and another constable\u00a0 Pedro. On arriving at Welikanna\u00a0 they surrounded one house and ordered the inmates to light their lamps. After searching the house the occupants were allowed to go and \u00a0rest. Dick then accompanied by Northmore and Don Juan Appu.went to the thief\u2019s father\u2019 s house, where the man was asked to get a light from a nearby \u00a0cottage. However \u00a0Dick thought that the man may escape, so asked \u00a0Northmore to accompany the man \u2013 a distance of about 200 yards. While \u00a0Northmore was away \u00a0Dick decided to search the adjoining house and jumped over a fence and approached the house cautiously. On hearing some voices he knocked at the door when a woman from inside shouted loudly \u201cwho\u2019s there\u201d. The constable responded by saying that it was the Negombo Magistrate and not to be frightened. The woman responded with an obscene expression. There being no response to the door knocks, \u00a0Dick went to an open side window and while looking into the house the woman said \u201cwhat are you looking at? Take the gun and shoot him\u201d Juan called out\u201d Don\u2019t fire, it is the Magistrate of Negombo\u201d. He had barely uttered the words when\u00a0 hearing the report of a gun he ran to the \u00a0back of the house and found \u00a0Dick lying on the ground bleeding excessively from a wound in his neck. He opened his eyes once, and then shut them immediately after, in death.<\/span><\/p>\n

\n

\"TRAVAILS
<\/span> MEMORIAL TO FL DICK AT HOLY TRINITY CHURCH, COLOMBO.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\n

SOME GENEALOGICAL NOTES<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Frederick Lacy Dick \u00a0married Anne Elizabeth Layard just a year before he died, and she was pregnant with their son also named Frederick Lacy Dick \u00a0at the time of his death. Born on 8 January 1848 the son died on 21 March the same year. A daughter Adeline born the previous year\u00a0 died six days after her birth.<\/span><\/p>\n

Not many \u00a0\u00a0of the present generation of Sri Lankans would know of the Layard family which had such a dominant role in Ceylon mainly in\u00a0 the judicial and administrative spheres during the period of British rule in the 19 th and 20th<\/sup> centuries. Layards Broadway, Layards Road, and even Layards Folly \u00a0are names that remain to this day, commemorating\u00a0 the services of this unique family of pioneers in the development of the island.<\/span><\/p>\n

The story of the Layards in Ceylon began with brothers \u00a0Charles Edward & Henry Peter John Layard(H.P.J) who were the sons of the Rev. Charles Peter Layard, the Dean of Bristol. It\u00a0 has been said that the\u00a0 Dean probably through the influence of Viscount Conningham succeeded in obtaining appointments in the Ceylon Civil Service\u00a0 for his two sons\u00a0 who arrived in Ceylon in 1804 & 1803. \u201c It was then believed that Ceylon was an El-dorado<\/em> in which those who were fortunate enough to receive Government employment were sure to make \u00a0a rapid fortune\u201d wrote Sir Austen\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"TRAVAILS
<\/span> \u00a0 Barbara Bridgeteen \u00a0Layard (nee Mooyart) daughter of the Last Dutch Governor of\u00a0 Galle .Gaulterus \u00a0Mooyart on left, (Died 20 sept 1845) and (on right) \u00a0her youngest daughter Barbara Layard of \u201cGrimsthorpe\u201d, Nuwara Eliya, (Died 22 October 1914)<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0Henry Layard the\u00a0 son of H.P.J. Layard in his autobiography. The latter married a Miss Austen \u00a0the daughter of Mr\u00a0 Nathaniel Austen , a banker and their son was the famous archaeologist, Sir Henry Austen Layard of Nineveh fame. Charles Edward married Barbara Bridgetina Mooyart \u00a0daughter\u00a0 of Gaulterus Mooyart, the last Dutch Governor of Galle.<\/span><\/p>\n

of Jaffna, and had 26 children by her!!He had a house in Kalutara where he was collector, called ‘Mount Layard’. His eldest son was Sir C.P Layard. G.A of the western province Layards Broadway is named after him. His son was Sir Chas. Peter Layard Attorney General,and later 18 th Chief Justice of Ceylon. . This distinguished family held many important posts in Ceylon and seem to have contributed much to the development of the island.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\"TRAVAILS
<\/span> \u201cGrimsthorpe\u201d Nuwara Eliya, built by Barbara Layard in 1896 and now called Westbury Palace, a hotel<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Barbara Layard, born 30 June 1834 and younger sister of Anne Elizabeth, lived a long and eventful life in Ceylon, \u00a0\u00a0which linked the final days of the Dutch occupation of the island to the glory\u00a0 days of British colonial rule in the twentieth century. She lived in her stately home named \u201cGrimsthorpe\u201d which she built in 1896. \u00a0\u00a0The genealogy of her family, albeit relating only to a couple of generations before her, makes interesting reading as it\u00a0 was one of the few links\u00a0 that connected the erstwhile a administration of the Dutch\u00a0 over Ceylon\u2019s maritime provinces with the administration of the new British colony of\u00a0 Ceylon.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\"TRAVAILS\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Barbara Layard a\u00a0 highly respected resident of \u00a0Nuwara Eliya was regarded as the best repository \u00a0of information on Nuwara Eliya and its residents, including the time when Sir Samuel Baker opened his Baker\u2019s Farm at Mahagastotte, the story of which is \u00a0all now in the public domain thanks to Baker\u2019s very popular \u00a0memoirs \u201cEight Years on Ceylon<\/em><\/strong>\u201d and \u201cThe Rifle and Hound in Ceylon<\/em><\/strong> \u201c. Anne Elizabeth Layard (sister of Barbara)who married Frederick Lacy Dick was one of the twenty six offspring of Elizabeth Bridgetina Layard (nee Mooyart) and the family resided in Big Bagatelle the stately \u00a0home of the Layards which was part of a 145 acre cinnamon estate in Kollupitiya, later owned by the 19th<\/sup> century philanthropist Charles Henry de Soysa, and renamed Alfred House. After the untimely death of \u00a0her husband Mrs Dick contracted a second marriage to Major Rolleston of the 84 th Regiment where the Major served in India and saw service during the 1857 mutiny. \u00a0\u00a0She died at Pembroke Dock on 24 October 1860.A tablet dedicated to the memory of Frederick Lacy Dick (see photo)was at the Holy Trinity Church, San Sebastian, Pettah. The Church was deconsecrated in the 1950s and some of the memorial tablets transferred to St Lawrence Church, Wellawatte where it may be presently located.<\/span><\/p>\n

( Acknowledgement<\/em>s; 1. John Penry Lewis \u2013\u201cList of inscriptions on Tombstones and monuments in Ceylon, Colombo 1913. 2, J.R. Toussaint Annals of the Ceylon Civil Service, Colombo 1935)<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

TRAVAILS OF AN EARLY COFFEE PLANTER – by Hugh Karunanayake If one lived in Sri Lanka in the mid 1900s, a name such as F.L. Dick would have raised more than a few titters. The unfortunate man lived in Ceylon a century before \u00a0such a possibility, in an age \u00a0when neither \u201cF.L.\u201d nor Dick\u00a0 meant […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":89373,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"aside","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[20],"tags":[25809,738,42919,42921,42922,42917,2433,42920,42918],"class_list":{"0":"post-89370","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-aside","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-articles","8":"tag-ceylon","9":"tag-coffee","10":"tag-crown-colony","11":"tag-daniel-appoo","12":"tag-elizabeth-layard","13":"tag-frederick-lacy-dick","14":"tag-hugh-karunanayake","15":"tag-mary-dick","16":"tag-samuel-dick","17":"post_format-post-format-aside"},"yoast_head":"\nTRAVAILS OF AN EARLY COFFEE PLANTER - by Hugh Karunanayake - eLanka<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"If one lived in Sri Lanka in the mid 1900s, a name such as F.L. 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